Change Theory in Education

Since its inception in the late 1700s, public educates in the States have undergone many changes. Thomas Jeffersons goal of state-supported educational agreements is now a reality which extends beyond a basic elementary school in each community to bye secondary schooling to completely Americans. This widespread, free, public education for all is not without its critics. Education reform movements trace back as early as the 1820s when changes in the economy spurred by atomic number 74 expansion, immigration, and urbanization called upon schools to create a nationalist spirit and patron socialize new Americans into the culture (Tozer, Violas, & Senese, 2002). Change continues to be a part of American education. Lewins change hypothesis and systems thought process and learning are two change theories discussed in menstruation literature.

The first theory, the Lewinian Approach, is a Human Relations theory. Lewins (as cited in Duffy, 2004) theory stated that in order to change a system people must first visualize the desired organizational framework. After assessing the goals, the organization compares them to the organizations current state looking for gaps between the two. Finally, they develop a change plan composed of long-range and short-term goals that will move their system toward those goals. Lewins approach overly suggests involving workers in the decision making process to promote greater acceptance of the changes (Marion, 2002).

Duffy (2004) challenges Lewins system stating that a school systems complexity makes a straightforward theory such as Lewins impossible to implement. Duffys system of logic is that if change leaders in school systems assume that the strategical path from the present to the future is relatively straightforward when the echt path is winding, then people engaged in general change soon will be off the truthful path and lost (p. 317). The non-linear nature of large and diverse school systems best operates under an opens-systems theory rather...

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